Italy and Cyber Defence
Cyber defence has gained a growing relevance in Italy, as a result of a high number of serious attacks against private entities, the armed forces and the public administration – as in the case of the Lazio Region in 2021. Italy has addressed the problem with the creation of the Network Operations Command (Comando per le Operazioni in Rete – COR) within the national defence framework, and with a broader reform of the sector’s governance that led to the definition of the National Cybersecurity Perimeter and the institution of the National Cybersecurity Agency (Agenzia per la Cybersicurezza Nazionale – ACN). At the international level, major NATO Allies as well as the Alliance as a whole are developing their own approach to cyber defence, in the context of a strategic and doctrinal debate over a new operational domain characterised by exceptional features. The disruptive roles acquired by technology and the private sector in this domain demand new forms of dialogue and collaboration between the institutions and the national industry.
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Rome, IAI, September 2021, 51 p. -
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21|12 en
Introduction
1. The Italian institutional and legislative framework, by Ester Sabatino
1.1 Evolution of the normative framework in Italy from 2013 to 2020
1.2 The current institutional and legislative framework and the National Cybersecurity Agency (ACN)
2. The Network Operations Command (COR), by Alessandro Marrone and Ottavia Credi
2.1 Origins and premises
2.2 Organisational chart and specific duties
2.3 Advantages, potentialities and open issues
2.4 The joint integration issue
3. Developments in the NATO framework, by Ottavia Credi
3.1 The evolution of the allied approach
3.2 Major NATO structures
3.3 Activities with member states and partners
3.4 The Italian effort
4. Cyber defence in major NATO states, by Ester Sabatino
4.1 The United States
4.2 The United Kingdom
4.3 France
4.4 Germany
4.5 Spain
5. Cyber defence: Defending what cannot be defended, by Alessandro Marrone
5.1 Peacetime war and the cyber crisis
5.2 Advanced defence of a space without boundaries
5.3 An impenetrable virtual domain
5.4 The deterrence and attack attribution problem
5.5 Defence and resilience of the caste
5.6 The human being as a valuable and vulnerable technology
6. Systemic criticalities and recommendations, by Alessandro Marrone and Ester Sabatino
6.1 The importance of a cooperative approach and an inter-sectoral dialogue
6.2 Higher engagement of the industrial sector
6.3 Strengthening the joint approach and advanced defence
6.4 Reflecting on NATO and the role of Italy
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Italy and cyber defence
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